Questions for Dr.Faustus free essay sample

Essay Questions for Doctor Faustus First complete draft, following MLA format, due Tuesday, Nov. 22. Be sure to have citations and a work cited. Dont forget that with poetry (some of Faustus is poetry, some is prose), you put act, scene, and line numbers in citations (4. 3. 19-22). You also put slash marks between lines. For example, here is a section from Act 4, scene 4, lines 100-101 of the play: Faustus. Whats here, an ambush to betray my life? skill. Base peasants, stand! Then Faustus, try thy If I quoted this in my paper I might put it like this: When soldiers approach Faustus, he says, Whats here, an ambush to betray my life? / Then Faustus, try thy skill (4. 4. 100-101). 1 . Can Faustus be both a hero and a villain? Guilty and good? Is there evidence in the text to support these views? 2. Discuss the theme of forbidden knowledge. What type of knowledge does Faustus want and why? 3. We will write a custom essay sample on Questions for Dr.Faustus or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Discuss the themes of free will and predestination in the play. Is Faustus predestined to damnation? Why or why not? Is there a point of no return in Faustuss progress toward damnation? 4. The quest for forbidden knowledge usually leads the hero to corruption and a fall. How does Faustuss quest degrade him? How does he use his new power and knowledge? 5. What is the purpose of the sequence in the Popes palace? How is the Pope a double for Faustus? 6. Doctor Faustus is considered a tragedy. In Poetics, Aristotle proposes the classical definition of tragedy: a drama with a hero. According to his definition, would you consider Faustus a tragic hero? Does he have heroic qualities? What is his tragic flaw? Do you pity Faustus? Does his downfall evoke terror? 7. According to Dr. Arnold Schmidt of Vanderbilt University, Marlowes story illustrates the Renaissances prevalent belief that art should teach and delight, that is, be entertaining while simultaneously presenting a moral. In an essay discuss the following questions. Do you see Doctor Faustus as an art form that both teaches and delights the audience while simultaneously presenting a moral? Why or why not?

The Fallacy of Division

The Fallacy of Division In critical thinking, we often come across statements that fall victim to the fallacy of division. This common logical fallacy refers to an attribution placed onto an entire class, assuming that each part has the same property as the whole. These can be physical objects, concepts, or groups of people.   By grouping elements of a whole together and assuming that every piece automatically has a certain attribute, we are often stating a false argument. This falls into the category of a fallacy of grammatical analogy. It can apply to many arguments and statements we make, including the debate over religious beliefs. Explanation The fallacy of division is similar to the fallacy of composition  but in reverse. This fallacy involves someone taking an attribute of a whole or a class and assuming that it must also necessarily be true of each part or member. The fallacy of division takes the form of: X has property P. Therefore, all parts (or members) of X have this property P. Examples and Observations Here are some obvious examples of the Fallacy of Division: The United States is the richest country in the world. Therefore, everyone in the United States must be rich and live well.Because professional sports players are paid outrageous salaries, every professional sports player must be rich.The American judicial system is a fair system. Therefore, the defendant got a fair trial and was not executed unfairly. Just as with the fallacy of composition, it is possible to create similar arguments which are valid. Here are some examples: All dogs are from the canidae family. Therefore, my Doberman is from the canidae family.All men are mortal. Therefore, Socrates is mortal. Why are these last examples valid arguments? The difference is between distributive and collective attributes. Attributes which are shared by all members of a class are called distributive because the attribute is distributed among all members by virtue of being a member. Attributes which are created only by bringing together the right parts in the right way are called collective.  This is because it is an attribute of a collection, rather than of the individuals. These examples will illustrate the difference: Stars are large.Stars are numerous. Each statement modifies the word stars with an attribute. In the first, the attribute large is distributive. It is a quality held by each star individually, regardless of whether it is in a group or not. In the second sentence, the attribute numerous is collective. It is an attribute of the entire group of stars and only exists because of the collection. No individual star can have the attribute numerous. This demonstrates a primary reason why so many arguments like this are fallacious. When we bring things together, they can often result in a whole which has new properties unavailable to the parts individually. This is what is often meant by the phrase the whole is more than the sum of the parts. Just because atoms put together in a certain way constitutes a living dog does not mean that all atoms are living - or that the atoms are themselves dogs, either. In Religion Atheists often encounter the fallacy of division when debating religion and science. Sometimes, they may be guilty of using it themselves: Christianity has done many evil things in its history. Therefore, all Christians are evil and nasty. One common way of using the fallacy of division is known as guilt by association. This is clearly illustrated in the example above. Some nasty characteristic is attributed to an entire group of people - political, ethnic, religious, etc. It is then concluded that some particular member of that group (or every member) should be held responsible for whatever nasty things we have come up with. They are, therefore, labeled guilty due to their association with that group. While its uncommon for atheists to state this particular argument in such a direct manner, many atheists have made similar arguments. If not spoken, its not unusual for atheists to behave as if they believed this argument was true. Here is a slightly more complicated example of the fallacy of division which is often used by creationists: Unless each cell in your brain is capable of consciousness and thinking, then the consciousness and thinking in your brain cannot be explained by matter alone. It doesnt look like the other examples, but it is still the fallacy of division - its just been hidden. We can see it better if we more clearly state the hidden premise: If your (material) brain is capable of consciousness, then each cell of your brain must be capable of consciousness. But we know that each cell of your brain does not possess consciousness. Therefore, your (material) brain itself cannot be the source of your consciousness. This argument presumes that if something is true of the whole, then it must be true of the parts. Because it is not true that each cell in your brain is individually capable of consciousness, the argument concludes that there must be something more involved - something other than material cells.   Consciousness, therefore, must come from something other than the material brain. Otherwise, the argument would lead to a true conclusion. Yet, once we realize that the argument contains a fallacy, we no longer have a reason to assume that consciousness is caused by something else. It would be like using this argument: Unless each part of a car is capable of self-propulsion, then self-propulsion in a car cannot be explained by the material car-parts alone. No intelligent person would ever think to use or accept this argument, but its structurally similar to the consciousness example.

Applications Of Chemical Equilibrium In Industrial Processes Environmental Sciences Essay

Applications Of Chemical Equilibrium In Industrial Processes Environmental Sciences Essay From the simple processes of dissolution and crystallization in a saturated sugar solution to a complicated industrial process of oxidation and reduction in industry chemical equilibrium plays a major role. Chemical equilibrium is the balance in the rate of two opposing reversible reactions with no change applied to the system with applied constant pressure and temperature. In a system where carbon monoxide is reacting with oxygen gas to form carbon dioxide there will be quantity of carbon monoxide left in the solution for as long as the reaction is placed. This is due to this reaction being a reversible reaction, although carbon monoxide and oxygen gas are synthesizing to form carbon dioxide, a contradicting reversible reaction is taking place, the decomposition of carbon dioxide to form carbon monoxide and oxygen gas. Figure 1: Chemical EquilibriumAs shown in Figure 1, in a reversible process, the rate of reaction for products turning into reactants [forward reaction] slows down a s more reactants are changed into products simultaneously the rate of reaction of products changing into reactants [backwards reaction] speeds up. At a certain time for a specific temperature and pressure, the rate of reaction for both would be equal with no further change in the system.reaction-rate-time-graph.gif Still, when the system is under influence of a change in temperature or pressure the reversible reaction would be affected. Le Chatelier’s principle generalizes this in â€Å"if a system in equilibrium is subjected to a stress the equilibrium will shift in the direction which tends to relive the stress†. (Le Chatelier’s Principle) If the system is under the influence of a temperature altering the system will oppose this change. If an increase in temperature causes the increase in the rate of an endothermic reaction then the system will oppose this reaction by lowering the temperature thus favoring the endothermic reaction. Similarly, if the decrease i n temperature increases the rate of the endothermic reaction, then the system opposes this stress by favoring the exothermic reaction. Pressure, is another variable contributing in affecting the state of equilibrium that affects gaseous reaction only. If an increase in pressure is applied, then the system opposes this change by aiming to lower the pressure favoring the side with less gas molecules. Likewise, if a decrease in pressure is applied then the system opposes this change by increasing the pressure favoring the side with more gaseous molecules. Several process in industry depend on Le Chatelier’s principle, the Haber-Posch process, the contact process, and the Ostwald process. In the Haber process nitrogen gas from air reacts with hydrogen gas from natural gas [mainly methane] in order to provide ammonia gas. Since ammonia is a crucial substance in agriculture for the manufacturing of fertilizers it is vital to produce as much as possible in the lowest time possible. N2(g) + 3 H2(g) is in equilibrium with 2 NH3(g) ΆH=-92KJ mol-1 The previous equation shows the chemical equation for the formation of ammonia. In order to obtain the highest amount of ammonia the reaction needs to be stimulated forward.

Position Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Position - Term Paper Example Without personal development realizing one’s dreams and aspirations are not possible. I continually thrive to achieve personal development through inspirations and small things in life. Accepting the things we cannot change and appreciating the things that we are have are critical for personal growth in my experience. I also believe that one has to do the things that he/she love in order to succeed in anything. Without the passion for doing things, it cannot be a success. I always try my best to believe in myself and to give my all when I am engaged to a particular work. According to the personal development based on me2 questionnaire my personality analysis ranked me very high as a curious person but very uncomfortable with uncertainty and ambiguity. I do not like to be in situation which I cannot take control of. For me, I have to certain in what I do and my curious nature often drives me to understand the world the world around. Hard working is the key to any success but wi thout values and personal growth, it is not a complete success as we as a human should evolve through our experiences and beliefs. I believe one of the reasons I felt confident in my learning experience, my personality and my career path is that I know for a fact that this is where I want to be. Confidence is very crucial when it comes to business management and I believe that if you are not confident about yourself or your work, it is not possible to grow. In the confidence zone, I perceived myself to be reasonably confident in my capacity to generate and work with ideas. My beliefs, values and confidence give me the positive learning environment. I often spend tie analyzing each sessions of my class and focusing on how I can improve my learning goals. This gives me the perspective of what I need to improve and develop. My flexibility also gives me the confidence to tackle any task given to me. For me change is the way of life and one should be open about change if it is for the po sitive cause. â€Å"Change equates with life, with our own personal, social, mental and physical development and with our ability to learn, to adapt, and to play an active role in social and community activities† (Andriopoulos & Dawson 2009, p.14) for me life is about making compromises when it matters and one should be flexible enough to welcome change. I also believe any personal, professional and career growth cannot be achieved without confidence and flexibility. I always believe in myself and this boost my confidence level which makes me extremely goal oriented. Although over confidence is what drives people to making stupid and irrational decisions, so I always calculated my options before I make any big decisions. I can say that I have grown personally over the past few years; I still need to work on many areas of my path to achieve my goals. But, I also believe that with my confidence and myself motivation, I can definitely achieve my career goals in life. My self â⠂¬â€œ efficiency is what makes me believe that I am capable of successfully performing a task assigned to me. I rate my level of self- efficiency to be very strong and this gives me the confidence to face new task or challenges. Idea generations can define as â€Å"The process of creating, developing, and communicating ideas which are abstract, concrete, or visual. The process includes the process of constructing through the idea innovating the concept, developing

BUSINESS PLAN Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

BUSINESS PLAN - Essay Example Founded by Jorge Tapia, this testing facility furnishes a learning platform for local students studying in private and public schools, universities and graduation programs. There are two categories of authorized Cambridge ESOL centres, internal and open centers. Open centre have authority to conduct examinations for all candidates, regardless of whether they are enrolled in the institution or not (University of Cambridge, 2013). Vision statement Our corporation aims at educating masses of Guayaquil, helping them to gain fluent grip over English language within least time period and at lowest costs and thereby achieve success in globally recognized examinations. ... s: Strong barriers to entry by currently existing businesses Strict regulations, quality standards and close surveillance by Cambridge Market study This centre shall aim at catering students residing in localities of Guayaquil and Quito and other neighboring suburbs of Ecuador. Educational reforms in this region is one of the most underfunded and neglected national aspects (Pineo, 1996). Moving towards urbanization, these highly populated areas of Ecuador are gaining educational awareness. Recent statistics show that 37.6%, 34% and 12.7% of population has easy access to primary, secondary and superior education respectively. About 62% of total population (9.1 million people) represents the age group that can be targeted for providing FCE education while 66% represents the urban educated population (INEC & Quito Town Hall, 1990 & 2002). Mostly adults, especially males, have received some form of education, thereby indicating that masses are inclined to take educational measures (Carri on and Vasconez, 2003). Majority of citizens are moving towards learning English since this is the dominant language that is needed for public dealings and communications in foreign ties. Therefore, it has become a necessity for them now. To cater this, large number of institutes exists currently in both the territories that have a well-established market share and reputation, including Southern Cross Teacher Training Centre, EF School of English and British School of Language. However, I claim to provide exclusive and differentiated services to students with excellent trained faculty, career counseling mentors, technology-based teaching methods, tailored services and individual attention for each student at lowest costs. Marketing strategy Since these areas of Ecuador are most populated

Management and Human Resource Development Essay Example for Free

Management and Human Resource Development Essay 1.Integration with organizational missions and goals According to Garavan (1991), integration into business planning in order to contribute to corporate goals and missions of the organization are very crucial. One of Human Resource Development’s functions is to help in formation of business strategies for the organization and it is seen as a responsive and reactive role for strategic human resource development (McCracken Wallace, 2000). Furthermore, the role of SHRD is to shape the organization strategy instead of simply supporting role. Another role of Human Resource Development is to implement or form the corporate strategy. These tasks require them to link the corporate strategy with the organization’s missions and goals. According to Legnick-Hall and Legnick-Hall (1988) and Butler (1988), besides integrating the corporate strategy with the organizational missions and goals, strategic human resource development also plays an important role in shaping and influencing the missions and goals (as stated in McCracken and Wallace, 2000). 2.Top management support  In strategic human resource development, top management support is very important in order to implement the corporate strategy. The corporate strategy that has been formed need to be led actively by the top management people rather than just simply supported by them (Harrison, 1997). Active leadership from the top management will help the managers to adopt strategic thinking in achieving the targeted goals (McCracken and Wallace, 2000). 3.Environmental scanning  In SHRD, environmental scanning is very important to develop the strategic planning. HRD professionals and others senior managers need to conduct the SWOT and PEST analysis. These analyses will help the organization to respond or react to any changes in the internal or external environment (Rainbird, 1995; Peery and Salem, 1993). However, environmental scanning alone is not enough because HRD terms and top management need to implement it (McCracken and Wallace, 2000). Level of Strategic Human Resource Development  The first level of contexts that are crucial in order to understand the contribution of strategic human resource development is global environment. By analyzing and understanding the global environment is very important for an organization in order to be more flexible. Being flexible helps an organization to control and respond quickly to its surrounding, especially the external environment. This level focuses on a multiplicity of external factors that explain the role of SHRD in crisis management and generate particular SHRD initiatives (Wang, Hutchins Garavan, 2009). There are three sets of component that must be understood in the context of global environment which are local conditions, national conditions and multinational conditions. Local conditions basically focus on laws and protocol. For example, the organization might need to devise emergency planning processes to tackle potential crisis regarding the safety and health law (Wang, Hutchins Garavan, 2009). Local conditions can be divided into two parts which are economic and political trends as well as industry characteristics. The organization must alert with the economic and political conditions within the country. For the industry characteristics, the organization must ensure that their products and services have its own uniqueness. They need to master the products and services very well where all information need to be in their fingertips. They also need to know the targeted audiences for every of the product and services provided. The national conditions which can be divided into four parts. The first part is technology change. The organization must provide adequate training to its employees to increase the productivity of the employees in operating the latest technology. Since technology is rapidly change, so the employees need to be trained from time to time. The second part is the characteristics of the labor market. An organization must be flexible in terms of planning about the resources of the organizations especially when it comes to human resources. The management needs to hire more expertise. The third set is national culture. The organization need to learn and understand about the culture in order to provided the right products and services. For example, the food industry in Malaysia, they need to ensure that most of the foods are halal in order to fit it with the Muslim culture. The last part is regarding the national HRD systems. Some countries use the â€Å"soft† interventions rather than the â€Å"hard† approaches such as codes and protocols (Wang, Hutchins Garavan, 2009). It may appear as a component of partnership planning between the government, employers and trade unions. The last set of components is the multinational conditions which are cross-culture difference and international laws and regulations. Cross-cultural differences such as cultural assumptions towards planning and risk may also operate by some organizations. According to Tierney,Lindell Perry (2001), Asian countries are slow to react to disasters and they do not understand the important of systems and processes to deal with these disasters. Meanwhile, according to Caudron (2002), global terrorist events and international criminal acts have alert the national government regarding the important of providing the security education and professional education of human resources involved in security management. Certain multinational corporations may also pose some policies on individual companies within the corporation’s (Wang, Hutchins Garavan, 2009).

Successfully Teaching Mathematics Essay -- Teaching Education Philosop

Successfully Teaching Mathematics The classroom is a widely diverse environment with many topics to discuss, many discoveries to make, and many different ways to learn. This wide palette of knowledge potential is a blessing and a curse to teachers, challenging them to reach each mind, to convey to everyone an understanding of the world that will improve their lives. The ever-increasing importance of mathematics in the computer age draws attention to the methods with which we teach it. I think that the most successful tool that I might have to teach mathematics is the mastery learning method, because it allows students to move through the many facets of math with great understanding and confidence, allows heavy use of the powerful tools in computers, and ensures that no one lacks the skills necessary to live easily in today’s rapidly advancing intellectual world. As a student, I found that one of the biggest problems my peers encountered in math was that they had very little confidence in their skills, affecting their ability to learn more complex ideas. I also found tha...

Perfume Behaviours Essay

Abstract: Wearing perfume has been becoming more popular among young ladies. There are thousands of perfumes in market and each young lady buy perfumes concentrate on different factors. Such as aromas, package, advertisements and so on. Therefore, this piece of research is to survey the key factor for consumers buying perfumes. This research is conducted by Qualitative Research and Secondary research. Qualitative researches are Elite Interview, Generic Interview and Observation. It used to prove my hypothesis is reliable and this research is ended with some recommendations concern with this research. Background: As perfume is regarded as one of the biggest Fast Moving Consumer Good (FMCG), revealed by 1371 different types of perfume are sold in Selfridges & co and annual global perfume industry sales revenue was $27.5 billion. Also data shows number of perfume brands carried by US department stores increased from 756 to 1160 between 2002 and 2010. (Statistic Brain, 2012) One short movie shows that when Marilyn answered a question in an interview about:† What do you wear to bed?† She said:† Just a few drops of N °5!† (Chanel2012, 2012) For some females perfume it seems like a cloth and plays an essential role in women’s daily life. Wearing a special fragrance can be one of life’s great personal pleasures. Perfumes can evoke memories, to transport you to another place, another time. Perfumes can make you feel sexy, flirty, and happy. (PR, 2012) The research shows the great Valentine’s Day gift is perfume. Mary Ellen Lapsansky, Vice President of The Fragrance Foundation said: â€Å"One drop of fragrance can say it all, do it all.†(PR, 2012) However, how can consumers decide which perfume to choose? Which factors can influence the user for purchasing perfumes? There are a huge amount numbers of advertisements in market. It seems like that advertisement or other commercial actions guide consumers to buy perfumes. Take Chanel No.5 as an apt example. In the 1990s, report reveals more money spent advertising Chanel No.5. It has been estimated, last year, that more than $20 million is spent annually on marketing for Chanel No.5. In last year the sale revenue for Chanel No.5 was â‚ ¬1.809 billion. (Nessymon, 2012) We have to acknowledge that there are many factors in mind of users which induce them to purchase a particular perfume. Some of these factors are aroma, price, packaging, brand loyalty, quality and habit. Therefore, the prime objective of my study is to analyze the effect of various factors on buying behavior of users. Methodology: This research is conducted by Qualitative research. Qualitative research methods contained three parts: Elite interview, Generic interview and Observation. Firstly, 1 sale person at Churchill Square in Brighton and two more sale people at Selfridges & co has been interviewed with some questions about what are the factors will influence the user for purchasing perfumes and their personal view on the hypothesis of this research has been asked. Secondly, 20 female consumers at Selfridges & co have been interviewed by Generic interview with their opinion on user buying behavior towards perfumes and agree or disagree with the hypothesis. Furthermore, an observation had carried out at outside of Churchill Square, which observe the number of women who were wearing perfumes out of 50 women who passed by the door of Churchill Square. In the meanwhile, their age ranges were being observed. Results: Results of observation: Outcome of observation outside of the Churchill Square was 31 out of 50 passers-by who is women wearing perfumes. Their age is that it looks like among 15-year-old and 30-year-old. Results of generic interview: The following picture gives the information of generic interview with 20 respondents about rating of importance factors when you purchase a perfume. The rating is from 1 to 5(â€Å"1† for least important and â€Å"5† for most important) with six factors (Aroma, Price, Packaging, Brand, Quality and Habit). [pic] It obviously shows that 17 respondents think aroma is one of the most important factors will influence their purchasing decisions, while only 1 person think fragrance is not an essential factor. Most Respondents think price may influence their decisions but not quit essential, therefore most rating gather around 1,2and 3. Both 12 respondents rate 3 and 4 for packaging and habit. Last, most people rate 4 and 5 for both brand and quality. [pic] This pie chart reveals that 57% of respondents will be influenced by discounts or free gifts, while another 43% are in the other side. [pic] As can be seen from the above picture 6 respondents consider samples of perfume counters not influence their choice, but 9 more respondents consist samples of perfume counters can or may influence their decisions. Then there are 10 respondents consider advertisement or brand ambassador can affect their buying behavior and one more respondents do not think so. Last, all my respondents use the famous brand perfumes, like Chanel, Dior, YSL, Givenchy†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Results of elite interview with three sales people: Three sales people are interviewed with question about what will influence consumer buying behavior. Three of them are all thinking aroma is important. Consumer is not going to buy something that smells bad. Scent is a powerful tool for beauty brands, especially for perfumes. Additionally, they all think that most consumers are not care about the price of perfumes, because they think perfume plays a role of necessities in most people’s daily life or most consumers buy it as a gift. Then, one of them mentioned ingredient is important. Whether is this perfume suitable for sensitive skin persons or not. Besides, one of three think beautiful package, advertisements and brand story are all including commercial way, it has impact on sale numbers but not very essential, especially for same level brand perfumes. While, another two sales trust advertisements or brand can influence consumers buying decisions. Furthermore, one of them mentioned color of perfume also is a factor for consumer buying towards perfumes. Some consumers will come and say they want to have a perfume with green color or they need a yellow one. They do not think free gifts can influence consumers’ decisions. One of them said when a consumer buy a perfume, he or she always can get a huge number of perfume samples. But discounts can attractive more consumers. Discussion: All the above the analysis, the hypothesis is true. There are various reasons may influence the user for purchasing perfumes. No doubt, aroma is important. Consumers are not going to buy bad smell beauty product. Scent is a powerful tool for beauty brands, especially for perfumes. Besides, Scent can directly affect the mood of consumers. Nobody wants to buy a bad fragrance perfume and lead them into a sadly mood. Marketing is another cannot be ignoring factors. Almost half per cent respondents think advertisement or brand ambassador would influence their decisions. Also perfume companies invest much money on advertisements and take many actions build brand loyalty. In addition, all my respondents are all use perfumes with famous brand. Like Chanel, Dior, Givenchy, YSL. It reveals more investment on advertisements attract more consumers. But competition for same level brand. When you go to Harrods which is a very famous shopping mall located in London and all perfumes show in Harrods are famous with high quality. If before go there you do some research and want to buy a perfume which is one famous singer uses or is a very world-known brands. Sadly, you forget the name of the brand or the package of perfume. You also can pick up one suitable perfume without that information when you walking around the perfume gallery. Perfume is not same as clothes or shoes. People do not need follow fashion trend to buy perfumes they just need choose one most suitable one for themselves or pick up one suitable perfume use in a suitable atmosphere. However, there are some fans will buy same perfume as their favorite singer or actors due to they want to closer with their idols. Thus, marketing is secondary. Except aromas and marketing, there are other factor has effected on buying behavior towards perfumes. 23% respondents never change the brand of their perfumes shows that habit has the impact on buying decisions. 41 per cent of respondents change perfumes seasonally reveals that weather, life experiences or mood may change people’s taste or necessary of different fragrances. Additionally, age is one of other factors. Like many young ladies may choose the Chanel but many older ladies prefer the old brand perfumes. Color of perfume also can change consumer’s buying decisions. If my packaging and claims are â€Å"blue†, does my product smell â€Å"blue†? Successful products make these full-circle sensory connections clear to consumers. Price is not a sensible impact factor and free gifts or discounts may increase volume of sales but is small. Therefore my hypothesis is true. Fragrance is key factor for purchasing and marketing is secondary. However, it also exits many other factors can effect consumer buying actions. Conclusion: This research is reliable. But it exits several problems in my research. Firstly, I do the observation at weekend and outside of a shopping mall. Some people just use perfumes during workdays or use it only at weekend. Besides, I may neglect someone who is using a real pale fragrance. Thus the data is not very precise. Actually, I need take a quantitative research. Secondly, my research did at Selfridges & co and Churchill Square. Both of these two shopping centers are for high shopping level consumers. It means most respondents have similarity economic background and most of them use perfumes of luxury brand and do not really care about price or quality (as quality is the same). They also may more concentrate on brand story. Last, the distinct buying actors towards perfumes can vary from different culture background and different countries. However, this research is reliable due to the result collected would be same or similar if another research with the same hypothesis is carry ou t. Recommendation: For my research, I should do a quantitative research. Such as do an on-line survey. My observation should not only do outside a shopping center at weekend, I need do more at different locals and time. For perfume companies, we have to acknowledge that aroma is a key factor for consumers. Marketing (advertisement and brand ambassador) for perfume is secondary important. Although it not as essential as the clothes, shoes or other fashion products. As my first research is based on perfume of famous brand, it shows advertisements have tiny impact on product sales. But for lower brand it may opposite. Thus, I should do further research including diverse levels of brand. Then perfume manufactories should distill perfume from natural intergradient. They should take some actions related color of perfumes and package to fragrances of perfumes. This piece of research shows young ladies whose age between 15 and 30 buying behavior towards perfumes, but females on distinct ages with diverse life experience may have different consuming actions. I need collect information from wide age period. Bibliography: ‘A SENSORY JOURNEY: FRAGRANCE IN BRANDING’ 2012, Global Cosmetic Industry, 180, 5, pp. 48-54, Business Source Elite, EBSCOhost, viewed 1 December 2012 Chanel (2012) Marilyn and N °5 – Inside Chanel Available at: http://www.youtube.com/user/chanel?feature=results_main (Accessed date: 2012/11/27) PR, N (2012), ‘Going shopping for a fragrance? Don’t know what to choose? Let the Certified Fragrance Sales Specialist be your guide’, PR Newswire US, 21 June, Regional Business News, EBSCOhost, viewed 1 December 2012 PR, N (2012) ‘The Great Valentine’s Day Gift Dilemma: Question: What Gift Says It All, Does It All, in One Pretty Package? Answer: Fragrance, Fragrance, Fragrance’, PR Newswire US, 2 February, Regional Business News, EBSCOhost, viewed 26 November 2012. Statistic Brain(2012) Perfume Industry Statistics Available at: http://www.statisticbrain.com/perfume-industry-statistics/ (Accessed:2012/11/28) â€Å"FRAGRANCE FOCUS† 2012, Global Cosmetic Industry, 180,8, p.12, Business Source Elite, FBSCOhost, viewed 1 December 2012. Nessymon (2012), Analyzing Advertising: Chanel No.5 The Film Available at: www.nessymon.com (Accessed: December, 2012).

Philips Matsushita

PHILIPS / MATSUSHITA STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS In response to Harward Business School Case 9-392-156 PHILIPS N. V. Philips should pursue transnational structure by establishing integrated network of distributed and interdependent resources and capabilities in its core competencies: consumer electronics and lighting. Philips has developed local responsiveness through its decentralized structure of national organizations (NO). This structure has a great advantage in being able to sense and quickly respond to the differences in the local markets. As a result product development is a function of the local market conditions. Philips had developed 8 major R&D facilities throughout the world that are highly specialized. They have been a success introducing such products as first color TV in its Canadian NO, first stereo TV in Australia, and first TV with tele-text in the UK. However these inventions were not shared with the rest of the NOs in Philips because of the lack of communication between NOs and headquarters. For example, Philips’ Beta videocassette format wasn’t shared with other divisions as the strategically valuable invention, as a result North America Philips rejected this invention outright choosing instead to outsource and sell Matsushita’s VHS tapes. In order to prevent these strategic mistakes, the main role of the headquarters should be scanning of business activities across countries and identifying resources and capabilities that might be a source of competitive advantage for other companies in the firm Philips’ local responsiveness causes poor global efficiencies that need to be improved throughout the company. Transnational solution will help to retain local responsiveness as local companies search for new competencies that enable them to maximize profits in particular markets. International integration is realized when specific country’s operations develop unique competencies and become suppliers of that particular product in the market for the entire corporation. If one division develops valuable, rare, and costly to imitate R&D capabilities or products in its ongoing business activities, that division could become the center for R&D and manufacturing for the entire corporation in that activity or product. In conclusion, Philips should pursue transnational structure, where the main role of corporate headquarters is to scan business ctivities across countries for resources and capabilities that might be a source of competitive advantage for other geographically diversified companies of Philips. This structure will help Philips to be both globally efficient and respond to the local market successfully. MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC Matsushita should pursue completion of transnational structure by establishing integrated network of distributed and interdependen t sources of technical knowledge in the organization and changing the flow of information from top down to even exchange between headquarters and divisions. Past efforts to develop technological capabilities abroad have failed due to the company’s highly centralized R&D structure in Japan. Matsushita have transferred significant resources to local R&D centers, however the delegation of many responsibilities and framework of R&D came from headquarters in Japan. This philosophy was not well accepted by engineers of the acquired local companies because of the excessive functional control from the headquarters. As the result of central R&D dictatorship overseas companies were not able to develop innovative capability and entrepreneurship. In order to restore Matsushita’s profitability and recreate pioneering spirit of R&D, more control should be delegated to local operations’ R&D. Operations in different countries should be thought of as experiments in creation of new core competencies. Local R&D should search for new competencies on local markets in order to maximize profits in their particular markets. Corporate headquarters, on the other hand, should constantly scan different markets and competitors across different countries for new resources and capabilities that might be a source of competitive advantage for other divisions in corporation. If one of Matsushita’s divisions develops valuable and costly to imitate product that could b e a source of competitive advantage, the information about the innovation should be communicated back up to the headquarters. Headquarters will evaluate the idea and will assist with implementing of the innovation. Consequently, that division could become the center of manufacturing technology development for the entire corporation. In conclusion, Matsushita should change its role of corporate headquarters form dictating decision making to support incubatory ideas from local companies and search for new competencies in the market. This will reflect transnational structure goal Matsushita is trying to achieve and boost creativity and innovation on the local level. Copyright  © 2002, Sergei Vasilyev, University of Nevada Las Vegas, MBA To request permission to reproduce material, e-mail [email  protected] edu

How Eli Whitney Invented the Cottin Gin

How Eli Whitney Invented the Cottin Gin Eli Whitney was the inventor of the cotton gin and a pioneer in the mass production of cotton. Whitney was born in Westboro, Massachusetts on December 8, 1765, and died on January 8, 1825. He graduated from Yale College in 1792. By April 1793, Whitney had designed and constructed the cotton gin, a machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from the short-staple cotton fiber. Advantages of Eli Whitneys Cotton Gin Eli Whitneys invention of the cotton gin revolutionized the cotton industry in the United States. Prior to his invention, farming cotton required hundreds of man-hours to separate the cottonseed from the raw cotton fibers. Simple seed-removing devices have been around for centuries, however, Eli Whitneys invention automated the seed separation process. His machine could generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton daily, making cotton production profitable for the southern states. Eli Whitney Business Woes Eli Whitney failed to profit from his invention because limitations of his machine appeared and his 1794 patent for the cotton gin could not be upheld in court until 1807. Whitney could not stop others from copying and selling his cotton gin design. Eli Whitney and his business partner Phineas Miller had decided to get into the ginning business themselves. They manufactured as many cotton gins as possible and installed them throughout Georgia and the southern states. They charged farmers an unusual fee for doing the ginning for them, two-fifths of the profits paid in cotton itself. Copies of the Cotton Gin And here, all their troubles began. Farmers throughout Georgia resented having to go to Eli Whitneys cotton gins where they had to pay what they regarded as an exorbitant tax. Instead planters began making their own versions of Eli Whitneys gin and claiming they were new inventions. Phineas Miller brought costly suits against the owners of these pirated versions but because of a loophole in the wording of the 1793 patent act, they were unable to win any suits until 1800, when the law was changed. Struggling to make a profit and mired in legal battles, the partners finally agreed to license gins at a reasonable price. In 1802, South Carolina agreed to purchase Eli Whitneys patent right for $50,000 but delayed in paying it. The partners also arranged to sell the patent rights to North Carolina and Tennessee. By the time even the Georgia courts recognized the wrongs done to Eli Whitney, only one year of his patent remained. In 1808 and again in 1812 he humbly petitioned Congress for a renewal of his patent. Eli Whitney - Other inventions In 1798, Eli Whitney invented a way to manufacture muskets by machine so that the parts were interchangeable. Ironically, it was as a manufacturer of muskets that Whitney finally became rich. The cotton gin is a device for removing the seeds from cotton fiber. Simple devices for that purpose have been around for centuries, an East Indian machine called a charka was used to separate the seeds from the lint when the fiber was pulled through a set of rollers. The charka was designed to work with long-staple cotton, but American cotton is a short-staple cotton. The cottonseed in Colonial America was removed by hand, usually the work of slaves. Eli Whitneys Cotton Gin Eli Whitneys machine was the first to clean short-staple cotton. His cotton engine consisted of spiked teeth mounted on a boxed revolving cylinder which, when turned by a crank, pulled the cotton fiber through small slotted openings so as to separate the seeds from the lint a rotating brush, operated via a belt and pulleys, removed the fibrous lint from the projecting spikes. The gins later became horse-drawn and water-powered gins and cotton production increased, along with lowered costs. Cotton soon became the number one selling textile. Demand For Cotton Grows After the invention of the cotton gin, the yield of raw cotton doubled each decade after 1800. Demand was fueled by other inventions of the Industrial Revolution, such as the machines to spin and weave it and the steamboat to transport it. By mid-century America was growing three-quarters of the worlds supply of cotton, most of it shipped to England or New England where it was manufactured into cloth. During this time tobacco fell in value, rice exports at best stayed steady, and sugar began to thrive, but only in Louisiana. At mid-century the South provided three-fifths of Americas exports, most of it in cotton. Modern Cotton Gins More recently devices for removing trash, drying, moisturizing, fractioning fiber, sorting, cleaning, and baling in 218-kg (480-lb) bundles have been added to modern cotton gins. Using electric power and air-blast or suction techniques, highly automated gins can produce 14 metric tons (15 U.S. tons) of cleaned cotton an hour.

Art and Humanities Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Art and Humanities Project - Research Paper Example I do remember that these songs always made me feel happy, hipper-active and jovial. They gave me an outlet for feelings that I could not always comprehend or find words for. These songs made childhood experience an erasable experience. They made childhood seem to be filled with fun and activities, plays, dances and smiles. They simply made me view the world and all round me as welcoming and full of joy. Oh! How I miss the childhood day. What music do you associate with adolescence? Was this music a way to fit in or rebel? The adolescents are people caught up in the mix of transition between childhood and adulthood. During this period, they tend to copy a lot from the media, want to be heard, and have their decisions respected by their elder. Music plays a great deal in influencing the way they think and acts (Kerchner & Abril, 2009). The music that I associate with them would be those that make them feel that they have a place in society. This music includes Love ballads and blues, H ip pop, Rap, fork songs and Rock (Anonymous, 2009). It is only in rare occasions that one can associate them with Spiritual or religious songs. At this stage of life, most of them want to be associated with a carefree lifestyle. As an adolescent, I used to listen to Rap music, Hip-pop and Rock and roll. I was at locker heads with my parents in most instances because of this music. They yield in me the rebellious spirit because of their precise nature. Most of this music is full or provocative, derogatory and foul language. Most of them are performed with artists who abuse drugs, making them live carefree lifestyle. At this stage in life, I thought that, that was... Art and Humanities Project Music has lived up to be known as a universal language that expresses that which one cannot afford to remain silent about or put into words. Music has made its position as an extremely significant part of our lives because everyone tends to identify with it. In this paper, I have explained the roles of music in different stages and aspects of our lives. Music psychology is the science that investigates the interaction and relationship between music and the human mind. It uses psychological methods and theory to try to understand and interpret how the brain responds to music. The effect of music on people’s attitude, mind and emotion, is always eminent in their behaviors (Davis, 2010). People do connect to music because it directly relates to all sorts of human feelings and emotions. That is, whether a person feels confused or frustrated, sad and lonely, happy and jovial, or even spiritual, music that rightly suits the mood is always there. The effects of having deep connection to music are always positive not negative. With the help of the following questions, I am going to illustrate the association of music with different stages of life and emotions. I’d like to point out that music forms an integral part of our lives. It is one of the things that give most people an easy going with the world’s constraints. It affects people of all creeds, color and ages different, while evoking all sorts of feelings and emotions, which lead to the formation of deep connection with it in all phases of our lives.

Financial analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Financial analysis - Essay Example The flagship Barclays Bank has around 1700 branches spread across UK and other countries (Hoovers, â€Å"Company Description†). The group has its operation across Europe, Africa, the United States and the Middle East countries. The company deals in financial products and competes within the global financial services industry. The control and authority of an organisation lies with the corporate managers. Undoubtedly, it indicates that the managers must be conversant with the accounting position of the organisation. â€Å"The term management accounting refers to accounting the management i.e. accounting which provides necessary information to the management for discharging its function† (Anbuvelan, â€Å"Management Accounting†). Management accounting provides variable assistance to the management to carry out the managerial functions with more efficiency. There are a number of tools and techniques in Management Accounting arena. The whole process includes gathering required information and analysing them to make decision making process much uncomplicated. A number of companies use ‘Activity Based Costing’ to identify and allocate the cost of the products or services. This includes identifying the cost pools or the activity centres and within the organisation and allocating cost to the activities using the cost drivers. The assignment of the cost is done based on the contribution of various activities in any particular product or service. As this costing process considers multiple cost drivers with different activities, the distortion risk is minimised considerably, providing the required cost information. As ABC indentifies each of the overhead costs with the products and services, produced and delivered to the customers, the process is more advanced than the traditional cost techniques. The significant steps in ABC are identification of the companies’ key activities, identification of related cost amount, establishment